Essay on The Goal of Functionalism in Religion - 1748 Words

The goal of functionalism, with regards to religion, is to analyze religion and explain its purpose by showing what role it plays for humans within society. Sigmund Freud, Emile Durkheim, and Karl Marx were all functionalist who developed theories as to why religion was such a major part of their society. Their views are very different from the two theorists E.B. Tylor and James Frazer, as they believed humans were using religion to try and explain the unknowns in the world. Though all three of the men took a fundamentalist approach to religion, their theories to explain religion have some major differences between them. Sigmund Freud, who is predominately known for his work in psychology, tried to explain religion by saying it is merely†¦show more content†¦While it is the rational economic decision to fight for better living conditions, Marx believed people were making irrational decisions. Marx attributes the irrational behavior to religions impact on society, more specif ically, the proletariat. Expanding upon the quote in the first paragraph, Marx states in Toward a Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Law: Introduction, â€Å"Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, just as it is the spirit of spiritless conditions. It is the opium of the people.† While the quote is quite lengthy it has text which explains Marxist belief that religion is nothing but a tool being used to keep the people content with their exploited lives. While it may seem that Marx is blaming religion for taking advantage of the exposed, he is actually blaming the proletariat for acting as irrational economic thinkers and not taking action to better their lives. Karl Marx’s theory on religion is superior to Freud’s and Durkheim’s as his functionalism explanation that religion is the opium of the people can be backed from evidence from history but also present day. When heShow MoreRelatedAssess the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Functionalist Approach to Society1165 Words   |  5 Pagesmarks) Functionalism is seen as a macro-scale approach to society; it sees society as a whole rather than looking at parts of it. Due to this, functionalism sees society as a body (organic analogy), all the institutions work together to make society. This is particularly useful when observing society in order to understand the way in which it functions and the way in which all the institutions (organic analogy: organs within the body) work together to sustain society as a whole. Functionalism beingRead MoreParsons Agil Perspective On Social Systems Essay1306 Words   |  6 PagesThese theorists came together, in pointing to the important elements of a voluntaristic theory of social action. Parsons argument is that all social action has the following characteristics: 1. it is goal directed; 2. it takes place in a situation that provides means individuals can use to achieve their goal, plus conditions the actor cannot change, and 3. it is normatively regulated with respect to the choice of both ends and means. Parsons believed that behaviour could be adequately explained as beingRead MoreTheories That Serve As Lenses For Analyzing Society : Functionalism, Conflict Theory, And Symbolic Interactionism1433 Words   |  6 Pageslenses for analyzing society: functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Functionalism is based largely on the works of the sociologists Emile Durkheim, Herbert Spencer, Robert Merton, and more. According to the functionalist perspective, society exists as a harmonious system of interconnected parts that maintain a state of social equilibrium and balance as a whole. Different social elements contribute unique aspects to society, and functionalism emphasizes how each part impactsRead MoreDiscuss Marxism and Functuionalism and Compare1133 Words   |  5 Pages a French philosopher. For him, common sense and the obvious would not suffice; he wanted to build scientific theories based on critical awareness of society. The two main stems of sociological concepts are Positivism and Phenomenology. Both Functionalism and Marxism are Positivist theories. This means that philosophies are built by using scientific research methods to create structural perspectives. Positivism is called macro sociology because it looks at society holistically; it also emphasisesRead MoreSociological Analysis On Interfaith Marriage Essay1602 Words   |  7 Pagesbroad a view. Structural Functionalism Theory Structural functionalism theory looks at how society and families work, and how families relate to their own members, and the larger society. Strong and Cohen (2014) list the three aspects of structural functionalism as: what functions the family as an institution serves for society; what functional requirements family members perform for the family; and what needs the family meets for individual members. Structural functionalism sees society as analogousRead MoreExplain and Evaluate Functionalist, Marxist and Interactionist theories of Society.1276 Words   |  6 Pagesinteraction and who’s theory interprets the behaviour of individuals as significant and a way to interpret how the world is socially constructed. Marxism was founded by Karl Marx and like functionalism it is a structuralist theory; it is another macro approach in some ways taking the same views as functionalism in that Marxists see the structure of society as wholly responsible for the way which an individual’s behaviour is heavily influenced. In opposition to functionalists, Marxists do not seeRead MoreConflict Theory Vs. Structural Functionalism978 Words   |  4 PagesConflict Theory vs. Structural Functionalism, this is like a fight between conservative and liberal. Structural Functionalism is a sociological theory that focuses on the structures of society and their functional significance (positive and negative consequences) for other structures (Ritzer, 2013). In another word, Structural Functionalism focuses on hierarchy, high position in the society. The theory is based on the belief that a person who held a high position like doctor or lawyer should getRead MoreStrengths and Weaknesses of the Functionalist Vie w on Society1459 Words   |  6 PagesAssess the strengths and weaknesses of the functionalist view on society. Functionalism is a consensus perspective, whereby society is based on shared values and norms into which members are socialised. For functionalists, society is seen as a system of social institutions such as the economy, religion and the family all of which perform socialisation functions. A strength of the functionalist theory is that it a macro level structural theory which uses an organic analogy- using the body asRead MoreDiscuss the Structural (Ist) Functionalist Perspective in Sociology. (Your Answer Should Focus on the Strengths and Weaknesses of Functionalist and Marxist Perspectives)1206 Words   |  5 Pagesemphasising on the nature of conflict present in society and the subsequent impact on individuals. Functionalism, also known as the consensus theory is a belief that society is a system that is interrelated, interdependent and interconnected. The various parts of society work together towards a common goal derived from value consensus to maintain social stability, social order and equilibrium. Functionalism began with Auguste Comte (1798-1857) and Herbert Spencer (1820-1903). It was further developedRead MoreSociological Theories And Concepts Of Functionalism And Stratification1515 Words   |  7 Pagesco.uk]. The term ‘sociology’ was developed by Auguste Comte, a French philosopher, in 1838. Comte believed that scientific facts are able to explain the social world. Sociologists, such as Comte, study issues including: education, inequality and religion. Comte believed that sociologists play crucial roles in guiding society. In the 18th century the ‘Enlightenment’, which was a philosophical movement that stressed human reasoning over bling faith and obed ience. At the time it was different to the

Vocabulary Words free essay sample

William Crawford he ran as a Democratic Republican candidate for Preside .NET of the United States in 1824; his greatest political enemy was John C. Calhoun, who was initially in favor of the protective e tariff, internal improvements, the national bank; he returned to Georgia and was appointed judge of the northern circuit court in 1827 6. Andrew Jackson he was the first President from the West; he was like Too magnifiers, he sought to reduce role of federal government in favor of states rights; he did not like Henry Clays American Sys stem 7. John C. Calhoun -? he served as secretary of war under James Monroe.In the e Election of 1 824, he was elected vice president under John Quince Adams. In the Election of 1 828, he retained the vice preside once, this time under Andrew Jackson 8. Revolution of 1828 balance of power shifting from the East to expanding west. America, until now, had been ruled by educated wee Thy elites -? Federalist shippers and Jeffersonian planters 9. Spoils System the method of employing and promoting civil servants who are friends and supporters of the group in power. President Jackson made more staff changes than any previous president, firing g many people and replacing them with his own 0.Tariff of Abominations In 1828, the United States government increased the prices of their imported goods by as much as 50 percent. South Carolina asserted that these taxes on imports were unfair a s a tax on Southern agriculture for the benefit of Northern industry 1 1 . Denmark Vessel He was a free black slave who lived in the Carolinas and led a slave rebellion in Charleston in 1822. This slave rebellion was part of what led to the anxieties of the South especially in South Carolina. The Missouri Compromise and the slave rebellion caused the South to worry about Federal government interfere CE in slavery 12.South Carolina Exposition Protest It was drafted secretly by Episodes .NET John C. Calhoun, and presented to the states House of Representatives on December 19 by a special committee charged WI the formulating a response to the federal protective tariff passed earlier that year. Although not adopted by the House, 4,000 cop sees of the states rights manifesto were printed and distributed at state expense; it proposed that each state in the union counter the tyranny of the majority by asserting the right to nullify an unconstitutional act of Congress 3.Nullification the streetlights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize e or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress 14. Tariff of 1832 it lowered duties to 35% from about 50%, or the 1824 level ; it fell far short of meeting all of the Southern demands; South Carolina called upon s tate legislature to make necessary mil tarry preparations if President Jackson tried to send troops to enforce this act 15. Tariff of 1833 -? it was authored by Henry Clay, and it was a compromise o n duties; it defused the sectional crisis and set out timetable for staged reductions in import duties that put these taxes on a d onward path until 1 860 16. Force Bill it would allow the President of the United States to enforce a f deader law without permission of Congress; it also gave humanitarian to use the navy to board ships and collect duties before the eye reach S. C. 17.Five Civilized Tribes the Indian nations (the Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choc scats, Creeks, and Seminole) that lived in the Southeastern United States until the 1 8205, most of whom were removed to the Indian Territory from 183042; most of them had et up formal governments before removal modeled after the U. S. Government NT 18. Indian Removal Act Congress orders that all indigenous people living in t he southeastern part Of the country be relocated to a newly designated territory west of the Mississippi River 19.Trail of Tears the forcible relocation and movement of Native Americans , including many members of the Cherokee, Creek, Seminole,and Choctaw nations among others in the United States, fro m their homelands to Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma) in the Western United States 20. Bureau of Indian Affairs a division of the Department of the Interior that administers federal programs benefiting Native Americanization. 21 . Black Hawk the leader of a faction of Auk and Fox Indians. Antagonistic to whites settling in his peoples territory, he joined the British in several battles in the War of 1812.In 1 832, he led his pep peel across the Mississippi to resist further white encroachments. The Illinois militia began attacking Black Hawk and his people in 1832, and Black Hawk was taken prisoner the following year. 22. Solaces rose to prominence during the Second Seminole War, where his brilliant guerrilla tactics in the Florida swamps earned him the admiration and respect of the many United States Army office RSI who tried to capture him. Solaces and other Seminole refused to sign the Treaty of Fort Gibson, which would have ceded their Florida homeland.In December 1835, during what became known as the Second Seminole War (183542), Solaces and a baa ND of followers ambushed and killed a government agent, Wiley Thompson, and several others. Army troops arrested him in Cot beer 1837, while under a flag of truce. He was imprisoned, first at Fort Marion in SST. Augustine, Florida, and later at Fort Mom Tire, near Charleston, South Carolina 23. 2nd Bank of the US was the most powerful bank in the country. Its pres dent, Nicholas Fiddle, set policies that controlled the countrys money supply. President Jackson disliked the bank. He thought t had too much power.He felt that the banks policies favored wealthy people and hurt the average person. To operate, the bank needed a charter from the federal government. Its charter was scheduled to expire in 1836. But Fiddle asked Congress to Rene ewe it in 1832. That was an election year. Fiddle thought that Jackson would agree to the renewal and not risk being defeated. But Jackson took the risk. Jackson vetoed Congresss renewal of the banks charter. He said the bank was unconstitutional al. The Supreme Court had ruled that the bank was constitutional. But Jackson claimed that elected officials could judge whether a law was constitutional for themselves.They did not have to rely on the Court. Jacksons opposition to the bank was a major sis uh in the 1832 election. The people agreed with Jackson. After Jackson worn, he set out to destroy the bank. He took federal m none out of the national bank and put it in state banks. As a result, the national bank went out of existence 24. Nicholas Fiddle became president of the Second Bank of the United Stats sees in 1823, vowing to create an actual national currency and to achieve a more enlarged development of its resources and a wider extension of its sphere of usefulness. 25. Bank Charter Searching for an issue to use against Jackson in the preside initial campaign of 1832, Clay forced Jacksons hand on the Bank. Clay convinced Fiddle to apply to Congress for a new chart re, even though the current charter would not expire until 1836. Confident of congressional approval, Clay reasoned that he had Jackson trapped. If Jackson went along with he new charter, Clay could take credit for the measure. If he vetoed it, Clay co old attack Jackson as the enemy of a sound banking system. Clays clever strategy backfired.Jackson turned on him and t he Bank with a vengeance. As he told his heir apparent, The bank, Mr.. Van Burden, is trying to kill me, but I will kill it! Jacks n and his advisers realized that the Bank was vulnerable as a symbol of privileged monopoly, a monstrous institution that d prided common Americans of their right to compete equally for economic advantage. Moreover, many of these advisers were also state bankers and local developers, who caked Jackson precisely because they wanted to be free of federal restraints on their business activities. 26.Bank Veto On July 10, 1832, Jackson vetoed the recharging bill for the B ann. in a message that appealed both to state bankers and to foes Of all banks. He took a ringing stand against all new grants Of monopolies an d exclusive privileges, against any prostitution of our Government to the advancement of the few at the expense of the many. 27. Intimations Party It was based on distrust and dislike of the secretive Freemasons. Outrage reached a fever pitch in the I ate asses and early asses, fueled by the 1826 disappearance of William Morgan, a bricklayer who had written a book about the societys alleged secrets. The Masons were rumored to have murdered him. In 1831, the is party became the first to select its presidential nominee at a national convention, and the first to issue a party platform. Thee r candidate William Writ carried Vermont in 1832 but could not even come close to ousting Andrew Jackson from the presidency y. The party soon died out, and many members became Wigs. 28. Democratic Party Favored local rule, Favored Limited Go Vermont, Favored Free Trade, Favored Equal Economic Opportunity for White Males, Opposed Monopolies, Opposed a National Bank, Opposed High Tariffs, Opposed High Land Prices. 9. Pet banks On September 1 0, 1833, Jackson removed all federal funds from the Second B ann. of the U. S. , redistributing them to these various state banks 30. Specie Circular -? in 1836, Presentations authorized the Treasury to issue a decree that required all public lands to be purchased with hard, or metallic, money. This drastic SST pep slammed the brakes on the speculative boom, a kneecapping change of direction that contributed to a financial panic and CRA h in 1837. 31. Whig Party -Jacksons opponents, fuming at his ironsides exercise of presidential power, condemned him as Ski Eng Andrew l and began to coalesce as this political party-?a name deliberately chosen to recollect gig authenticity British and Revolutionary American opposition to the monarchy. 32. Martin Van Burden He studied law and held various political positions before serving as U. S. Senator, as secretary of state and as vice president. Van Burden suggested a way out of the rift in the Cabinet: he and Se secretary of War Eaton resigned, so that Calhoun men would also resign.

Vital Pieces of Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics

Vital Pieces of Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics Key Pieces of Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics If you may analyze any book for your rhetorical assignment, choose the work you recognize well. You should determine the intention of your essay. If your teacher doesn't have any particular requirements, the duration of your essay ought to be around 550-700 words. In case you have five or more minutes before the exam is over, you may use them so as to make your essay as perfect as possible. You have to have an argument. On the flip side, Romney keeps repeating the fact of the financial state to his audience. It's also feasible to bring a recommendation about how to make a more powerful argument on a paper's topic. After stating the quote you decide on, you will need to analyze it, in-depth. Any exam is a time-limited procedure, so if you really need to ace it, preparation is the secret to success. To be able to compose a superior rhetorical analysis essay, how ever, you have to first pick a great topic. Despite the fact that the intro is important (after all, it sets the tone for the entire paper), the key analysis will occur in the body paragraphs. There's also a demand in critically analyzing the explanations and examples provided in the bit of work. Another significant detail of rhetorical analysis includes the checking of diction in the job. There are several underwater stones when you get started working on such a challenging assignment. Because performing a rhetorical analysis is a little tricky to work out, it's even more important to take assistance from sample essays. Additionally, such approach permits the reader to develop into part of the story. An author is attempting to evoke a sense of depression into the reader's mind. There are lots of themes that you are able to think about when looking for the ideal idea for your rhetorical analysis. In addition, the author's language is examined to pinpoint its potency in m aking an appropriate atmosphere and having a strong effect on readers. Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics Secrets That No One Else Knows About If you truly like politics, perhaps you want to write about a famed presidential speech. Speeches really stick out among others. There are lots of speeches that may be excellent topics. Understanding Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics Analysis essays are your very best friends. Revision is among the main pieces of writing an academic essay. Moreover, you may also have a look at our Essay Outline Templates, which will be able to help you structure your essays. The Basics of Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics You want to comprehend her or his writing inside and out. It assists the reader your essay to acquire the major idea and the vital message. The second portion of rhetoric comprises using the writer's imagery, tone, amongst others. It is likewise very beneficial to select a notable bit of writing which doesn' t need to be introduced to the audience. The ideas might be spatial or non-spatial. The principal point is that rhetorical papers are not the same as others. There are things to remember in regards to presenting it. The examples provided here are intentionally diverse so they supply you with an assortment of significant points. What Everybody Dislikes About Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics and Why Start with a thoroughly reading the prompt to understand what type of analysis is demanded. When you locate an essential evidence, you must back it with your vision and trustworthy data. Your own personal viewpoint still matters, but you should form it based on strict analysis rules and steer clear of inconvenient ideas. Consider nine of the most usual varieties of rhetorical modes. Your email address won't be published. Do not choose short articles, as you may not have sufficient info to analyze. Information is pouring in and being stored on so many different types o f mediums that it's not possible anymore to keep track or count of the quantity of information which is being revolved around the world. A rhetorical analysis essay is occasionally an extremely hard endeavor for students to grasp. By this time, you should have gotten a simple idea about what a rhetorical analysis essay actually is. Nerdymates, the most dependable essay writing service on the internet, provides a chance to become guaranteed great essay. On the 1 hand, you may also have a look at our Argumentative Essay templates to help you begin on your position paper. Choosing Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics You would think that it is something complicated, but our article is prepared to provide help. If you opt to analyze rhetorical appeals, then you might have to to organize every one of them into a different body paragraph. It's peculiar that the significance of the word we' in the very first region of the song differs from that in the second part. For certain , you would spend the majority of your time on writing body paragraphs. You may also request your family or friends to aid you to go through your work. Everybody knows there is poverty and famine but the actual center of the issue should be addressed. You should have your reasons, and our primary concern is that you wind up getting an excellent grade. A part of rhetorical analysis might appear an actual problem to students. A Secret Weapon for Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics Just make certain you build your arguments in the current tense, and you're going to prevent any confusions. When you are finished with introducing the subject, you have to work on the principal paragraphs. It's much better to rely on evidences as an alternative to emotions and your private opinion. The transitions work in passages that point to the shape of connections in topics since they follow in the writing. The Little-Known Secrets to Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example Topics Rhetoric al analysis focuses on the use of the writer in the part of work. The success of writing a correct rhetorical essay lies in picking a very good topic. Body It's the main portion of the essay. As an issue of fact, a rhetorical essay is really straightforward.

Research Paper Topics on Physics

Research Paper Topics on PhysicsIf you want to improve your chances of getting a good job as a physicist, do not forget that there are quite a few research paper topics on physics. Having a good grasp of these topics will help you tremendously when applying for jobs in this field. The good news is that you can learn more about these topics if you simply look at the World Wide Web. The trouble is that most physics teachers do not have access to the Internet.That is why many physics students are not able to learn the various subjects that they will need to take before they graduate. It is quite possible that you will find yourself wishing that you had gone to school with someone who would have encouraged you to read more on physics.If you are searching for online information about physics, there are plenty of websites that offer all sorts of useful information. From information about research papers on physics to individual databases of physics experiments, there is something for every one. Once you have entered a search term that includes words such as research paper topics on physics, you can expect to get a large number of results. Be sure to look at the top of the list to see which ones are the most popular.By selecting the ones that interest you, it will be easier to visit the entire site. To save time, it may be a good idea to read up on a few of the popular topics.Once you have found a few that are helpful, it will be much easier to use the research tools provided by the site and find a suitable reference for your research paper topic. Once you have found an online database of resources, it is a good idea to include a few of the links on your resume. It can also be a good idea to add one or two references from the same database that you visited in order to prove that you are knowledgeable about the research topics on physics.Physics is a great subject to learn because it is one that you can excel at no matter what your background is. Whether you choose to s pecialize in one particular field or to combine your knowledge with other areas of science, physics can teach you how to make discoveries and make things work. If you do not have any background in this field, you can still learn plenty of knowledge that will be useful when you apply for a job as a physicist.Once you have chosen a few of the research paper topics on physics, you can begin to take a look at your research portfolio. It may be a good idea to take a close look at the research topics that you have chosen to study. You may find that some of them are less interesting than you first thought.Instead of getting discouraged, it may be a good idea to take a look at the research topics that you have chosen for your career. Just because they might not appeal to you personally, that does not mean that they will not be useful for the work that you will be doing. It might also be worth looking at the research topics that others have chosen.

Topics For Descriptive Essay Writing

Topics For Descriptive Essay WritingThere are so many topics for descriptive essay writing. In fact, they are more common than the ones that are based on a specific topic or theme. Therefore, you must be careful about which topics to choose.One of the most used topics is the one about the question itself. If the question is related to something real, this is a good topic to write about. The second is the question itself. If the question itself is a topic, this is an excellent topic to be included in your topic.Think about how you can expand your topic. Most people add about their character traits and behaviors, their likes and dislikes, and their beliefs. These are all examples of topics for descriptive essay writing.The third is an event that made the thing that the person is talking about happen. This is a good topic to include since it makes the writer recalled the event and gain insight into what happened. The fourth is the problem with the situation. The fifth is the main ingred ient of the problem. It would be great if there is an answer to the question itself.The sixth is the answer to the question. The seventh is the motivation of the person to act on the idea. This is the main ingredient in persuading people. The eighth is the reason why the person was actually thinking of the topic. The ninth is the explanation why the person chose the topic.Finally, the tenth is the conclusion of the article. It is the sum total of the article. Since it's included in the title, it makes it easy for readers to remember the topic and should be a good topic to use in describing the content of the article.Topics for descriptive essay writing So these are some of the most important topics for descriptive essay writing. Other topics include the question itself, the behavior and traits that made the situation happen, the main ingredient of the problem, the reason why the person was thinking of the topic, and the answer to the question. Be sure to use the techniques of write r's block.

How to Use Transition in an Essay

How to Use Transition in an EssayA sample of using transition in an essay is vital in order to be able to express ideas effectively. In order to do this successfully, you must have a well planned plan that will be able to work with your own strengths and weaknesses in writing the essay. Here are some tips on how to use transition effectively in an essay.In the first paragraph of the essay, you can use a transition. This will help you get across your overall idea in one sentence. You should try and use transition as a way to start out your sentence so that you get across all the important points in the first couple of sentences. You can also go into detail about how you are describing the transition or how you describe your concepts as you go through the paragraph.In the second paragraph of the essay, you can have shorter transitional sentences. These sentences should be direct and straightforward. You may include transitional sentences as part of the topic you are talking about.In th e third paragraph of the essay, you can use a transition to explain what you mean by each word you use. The transitional sentences should be short and to the point. The transition can be used to introduce new information, explain a concept, or even a different way of writing about a topic.In the fourth paragraph of the essay, you can use informative transitional sentences to make the reader feel as if they are reading about a topic they know. They can be as informative as they need to be or as funny as they want to be.In the fifth paragraph of the essay, you can use a transition to give more information about the concept you are describing. The transition should be related to what you are saying in the first paragraph of the essay. Youcan explain the transition in the second paragraph and then use it in the third paragraph.In the sixth paragraph of the essay, you can use a transition to get the reader excited about what you are writing about. In addition to showing what you have to say in the first paragraph, you can use this transition to draw the reader in so that they want to read on. In the last paragraph of the essay, you can use this as a conclusion to your topic.

Marry sherry free essay sample

In Mary Sherry’s essay In Praise of the F Word she describes how she feels that students are being cheated by schools, not learning material and being passed on. She calls the diplomas that some kids get meaningless and also goes as far to say that these graduates are semiliterate. Sherry’s solution to the problem as she sees it is to use flunking students as a general policy, or at least threatening to flunk them to motivate them. She feels that the students who make it to educational- repair shops or adult-literacy programs are fortunate. It is here in these educational repair shops that Sherry states these students discover that they have been cheated by the educational system. I do not think that Sherry is fair in making these statements. She did not present enough evidence to me to get me to buy into her arguments. There are several concerns with this essay that make her views unacceptable. We will write a custom essay sample on Marry sherry or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My first problem with this Essay is that Sherry teaches an adult-literacy program. From that viewpoint she does have some firsthand knowledge about the population of people in need of basic grammar and writing skills, but it also makes her bias. She states that â€Å"Tens of Thousands of eighteen-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. † This statement raises many questions for me and Sherry was not effective in convincing me of her views expressed. I feel like this statement was made to make her point seem more reasonable. I would like to know what percentage overall is that number. I do not feel like she took into consideration that many of these students may have learning and or developmental disabilities. How many of these students needed extra help and the schools in their district lacked the resources to appropriately help them? Were these tens of thousands of students really cheated or did the teachers and schools do the best they could to teach these students with the resources they had. Teachers are already overworked and underpaid and now Sherry is basically saying they are cheats. If the students were cheated that is saying that the teachers are cheaters. The definition of cheater is to defraud, swindle, deceive, influence by fraud, to elude and to deprive something expected. This to me is very harsh and shines a bad light on teachers who dedicate their lives to teaching. I found that her one experience with her son who was threatened by a teacher to be flunked does not prove that flunking is a positive tool. Yes it worked for him, his mother was an English teacher. How many of the other tens of thousands that Sherry speaks of had this same advantage? I do agree with Sherry’s viewpoint that teachers have to get students attention in order for them to concentrate. In that one circumstance, with her son, threatening to flunk him worked. In that case I see that her son was cheating himself, not the teacher or the educational system being the cheater. Sherry does admit that this one example, her son, does not make the case. Once again I am left feeling like there is not enough evidence presented to get me to jump on the bandwagon and agree that the teachers of these tens of thousands of students are† cheats†. Sherry goes on to speak about passing students who have not mastered work. â€Å"Passing students who have not mastered the work cheats them and the employers who expect graduates to have basic skills. We excuse this dishonest behavior by saying kids can’t learn if they come from terrible environments. † So now from Sherry’s viewpoint the overworked, underpaid teachers are not only cheating these students, they are cheating employers that hire them. This is very unreasonable. Sherry’s views might be more acceptable to me if she held the student more accountable. A great teacher should not be labeled a â€Å"cheat† because they have limited resources or students with very low academic standards for themselves. Flunking as a regular policy may work in some cases but as a fix all for all students, I disagree. It worked in the case of her son and kudos to them. Many students don’t have Published English teachers to help and guide them. Not all students have support of their parents and their opportunity to succeed or fail rests purely on their shoulders.